Umbala Wezingubo Zamehlo Zezingane W3672243

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezibuko zabantu abadala nezengane

I-Optometry yezingane ingenye yemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-optometry yezingane.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-optometry yabantu abadala, i-optometry yezingane inokubili izinto ezifanayo nezici.Yimpambano yengqondo yezingane, i-optometry yezingane kanye ne-ophthalmology, enezidingo eziphezulu zobungcweti nezobuchwepheshe.Kudinga ukuthi opharetha angabi nolwazi lwe-ophthalmology kuphela, kodwa futhi abe nesisekelo se-ophthalmology yezingane kanye ne-Optometry yezingane, kodwa futhi abe uchwepheshe we-optometry.Ukubhekana nezinkinga ze-refractive zezingane kokubili ubuchwepheshe kanye nobuciko.

Izibuko ngokwazo "ziyizidakamizwa" ezibonakalayo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezine-strabismus ne-amblyopia.Kumelwe ihlangabezane nezidingo eziningi: ukulungiswa kwamaphutha e-refractive, ukubuyiselwa kwendawo evamile yamehlo (ukwelashwa kwe-strabismus), ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia, ukugqoka okukhululekile nokuhlala isikhathi eside, imisebenzi ekhethekile (ukucindezeleka kwe-optical) njalonjalo.Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwezibuko zezingane akufanelekile kwabangewona ochwepheshe.

Mayelana ne-Optometry yezingane kanye nezibuko, kuyisidingo esiyisisekelo ukuhlola i-static refraction (i-cycloplegia optometry, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-mydriatic optometry), futhi akufanele kube lula futhi kungqubuzane nomgomo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezikhetha i-optometry okokuqala, izingane ezine-strabismus ne-strabismus.izingane ezibona kude.UMnyango wezeMpilo kuzwelonke usukhiphe isimemezelo sokuthi izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kuka-12 ziyohlolwa amehlo.Ngokwesimo sangempela sengane, udokotela owamukelayo angakhetha ukuthi asebenzise amafutha okugcoba amehlo e-atropine ukuze anwebe umfundi noma i-compound tropicamide (esheshayo) ukuze avule umfundi.Empeleni, kufanele isetshenziselwe esotropia, hyperopia, amblyopia, futhi izingane zasenkulisa, futhi mydriasis okusheshayo kungabhekwa kwezinye izimo.

Ngemuva kwe-optometry enwetshiwe kanye nokuqonda i-diopter yeqiniso yengane, udokotela angakwazi ukuhlanganisa ulwazi oluvela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi anqume ukuthi anikeze izibuko ngokushesha, noma alinde umfundi ukuthi abuyele kokujwayelekile futhi ahlole kabusha ngaphambi kokufaka izibuko.Ezinganeni ezine-esotropia ne-amblyopia, ukuze uphathe izingane ngezibuko ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi usize izingane ukuba zivumelane nokugqoka izibuko, kufanele zinqunywe ngokushesha ngemva kwe-optometry enwetshiwe futhi ziphathwe ngezibuko ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokulinda umfundi. ukululama.Nge-pseudomyopia, izinga le-myopia ngemva kwe-mydriasis ngokuvamile liphansi kunedigri ngemva kwe-mydriasis.Lapho kufakwa izibuko, izinga lomfundi omncane akufanele lisetshenziswe njengenkomba, kodwa izinga le-mydriasis kufanele lisetshenziswe njengezinga lokubhekisela.Isibuko, singagwema ukusatshalaliswa kwe-pseudo-myopia kuso.

Izibuko zezingane zihlukile kunezingilazi zabantu abadala ekusebenzeni.Izibuko zezingane zigxile ekwelapheni izifo zamehlo, kanti izibuko zabantu abadala zigxile ekuthuthukiseni ukubona.Ngakho-ke, umbono wezingane ngemva kokugqoka ubi nakakhulu kunangaphambi kokugqoka izibuko, okwenza abazali abaningi bangakwazi ukuqonda, kodwa futhi kwenza ochwepheshe abaningi abachwepheshe be-optometry bangakwazi ukuqonda.Lokhu kuvame ukudala ukungezwani okuncane phakathi kwabazali nodokotela.Ezinganeni ezine-myopia, izibuko zingathuthukisa ukubona, ziqede ukukhathala, zixhumanise imisipha ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwamehlo, futhi zivimbele i-myopia ekujuleni.Ezinganeni ezine-hyperopia, i-anisometropia, i-strabismus, i-amblyopia, njll., ngezinye izikhathi izibuko zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zamehlo, okuyisidingo sokuthuthukiswa kombono kwesikhathi esizayo.

Esinye isici esiyinhloko sezibuko zezingane ukuthi amandla ama-lens adinga ukushintsha ngamandla eso.Ngoba izingane zisaqhubeka nokukhula, ikakhulukazi izingane zasenkulisa kanye nentsha.Isikole sasenkulisa yisikhathi esibucayi sokuthuthukiswa kokubukwa, izinga le-hyperopia liyancipha kancane kancane, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kweso kuseduze nesomuntu omdala.Ubusha buyisiqongo sesibili sokuthuthukiswa kwamehlo, futhi i-myopia ngokuvamile ivela kulesi sigaba futhi ijula ​​kancane kancane, futhi iyama ekupheleni kokuthomba.Ngakho-ke, izingane eziningi zidinga i-optometry esheshayo minyaka yonke, ezinye izingane ezincane zize zidinga i-optometry esheshayo isigamu sonyaka, zihlole ukubona kwazo njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezi-3, futhi zishintshe izibuko noma amalensi kusenesikhathi ngokuvumelana nezinguquko zedigri yamehlo.Gqoka iminyaka embalwa.

Ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-myopia ezinganeni, ucwaningo lokulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-myopia belulokhu luyi-hotspot yocwaningo embonini.Yize lingekho ikhambi elisebenzayo, izinhlobo ezimbili zamalensi okuxhumana, amalensi okuxhumana kanye ne-RGP, zisangathathwa njengokwehlisa ijubane noma ukulawula i-myopia yezingane.Kuyindlela ephumelela kakhudlwana yokuthuthukisa, eye yaqashelwa ngokuvamile yimboni.Ngokukhula kancane kancane kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi kwezinto ezibonakalayo zamalensi, idizayini, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ukusebenza ngokulingana, nobuchwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwelensi, ukuphepha kwayo kokugqoka nakho kuya kuba ngcono futhi kuba ngcono.